Expressive Responding in Support of Donald Trump: An Extended Replication of Schaffner and Luks (2018)

There is considerable debate about whether survey respondents regularly engage in “expressive responding” – professing to believe something that they do not sincerely show support for their in-group or hostility an out-group. Nonetheless, there widespread agreement one study provides compelling evidence a consequential level of expressive responding particular context. In the immediate aftermath Donald Trump’s 2017 presidential inauguration rally was controversy this crowd largest ever. At time, conducted which found Trump voters were more likely than Hillary Clinton non-voters indicate unlabeled photo showed people Barack Obama’s 2009 rally, despite latter clearly showing people. However, pre-registered, suggesting replication needed establish robustness important result. present study, we extended over two years after rally. We delay original result replicated, albeit with smaller magnitude. addition, earlier by testing several hypotheses characteristics Republicans who selected incorrect photo.